Te Tatauranga o ngā manu māra – te tūhura raraunga

He tohunga ō tātou tūpuna mō te āta mātaitanga. He mea whakamōhio i a rātou ngā raraunga mai i ngā mātaitanga i te manaakitanga o te mahinga kai mā te whakaputa matapae e pā ana ki te āhuarangi me ngā hauhakenga. I te huringa o te taiao nā runga i ngā āhuatanga māori noa o te taiao, i kite ai rātou me whakahou rātou i ō rātou ara atawhai kia hāngai ai ki ngā hiahia o te taiao. He matua ngā āta mātaitanga ki te mātua whakaritenga o te tūroa me te oranga o te taiao me ngā rawa e mate nuitia ana mō ngā whakatipuranga o te ānamata.

Kua roa e haere ana tēnei kaupapa pūtaiao kirirarau Te Tatauranga o ngā Manu Māra o Aotearoa me nui ake i te 44,000 tatauranga i whakahaeretia e te tangata, e ngā kura, me ngā rōpū hapori. Ina te nui o te raraunga ka puta mai i ēnei tatauranga.

Ka āta arowhai ngā kitenga o te tatauranga i te kaipūtaiao rangahau a Tākuta Angela Brandt me tōna kāhui i Manaaki Whenua ki te mātua whakarite he tika rawa atu te raraunga ka whakamahia e rātou. Tuatahi, ka tango rātou i ngā raraunga kāore i oti pai, kei te hapa rānei. Kātahi ka whai whakaaro rānei i ngā momo taurangi, arā, mehemea kua whāngaihia ngā manu, mehemea rānei i whakatutukitia te rangahau i te wāhi noho tāone, i te taiwhenua rānei. Ka whakamahi te kāhui i ngā tua-rorohiko hei āwhina te tukatuka o te rahinga o te raraunga ka riro mai ai.

Kia oti rā anō te tukatuka, ka whakamahi te raraunga ki te whakaputa i ngā kauwhata mō te pūrongo mō te Tūnga o ngā Manu Māra o Aotearoa ka tukuna atu ki te Global Biodiversity Information Facility, e taea ana te takiuru e ngā kairangahau huri noa i te ao. He mea āwhina ngā mōhiohio mai i ēnei pūrongo i ngā mātanga kia kitea he pēhea te māia o ngā manu ki te ora tonu ahakoa ngā wero taiao me ngā mahi e taea ai hei āwhina atu.

Te kohikohi me te whakamāoritanga i te raraunga

Mō ngā mōhiohio mō te whakatutukinga o Te Tatauranga o ngā Manu Māra o Aotearoa haere ki konei.

I te whakatakinga o te rangahau kei te whakatau me te tuhi ngā tamariki i ngā mātaitanga – he kohikohi raraunga te karawhiu. Kātahi te wero ko te tautohu mai i tawhiti i ngā manu. E taea ai te tautoko i ngā pūkenga mātaitai o te ākonga mā:

• He āwhina i ngā ākonga ki te tautohu he aha ngā rongo e whakamahia ana e rātou (te nuinga o te wā ko te rongo ā-karu), mehemea kei te whai āwhina anō rātou i t/ētahi atu rānei/hoki o ngā rongo (tērā pea ko te rongo ā-taringa).
• Te whakaharatau i te mātaitanga me te matapaki i ngā kitenga
• Whakamahi i te arotake aropā. Kia tautohua te manu e te ākonga mō te rangahau, ka pātai mai pea ō rātou aropā mō ngā āhuatanga tautohunga i whakamahia ai e rātou. Ko te tae, ko te tauira huruhuru, ko te whanonga, tētahi atu āhuatanga rānei?
• He whakatenatena i ngā ākonga kia whai whakaaro ki tō rātou māia mō te taha ki ō rātou kitenga tatauranga. Me pēhea rātou e māia ake? Tērā pea mā roto i te whakaharatau, te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu pērā i ngā karurua whakatata me ngā aratohu tautohunga.

Ko te whakamāori raraunga ko te whai tikanga mai i ngā mātaitanga. Ko te whakatau nā runga i ngā mātaitanga ka kīia ai ko te whakapae. He pātai whaitake kia mārama ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ēnei ariā ko: He aha tāu i kite ai? (mātaitanga); ‘He hoki te tikanga o tērā?’ (whakapae). Hei tauira, ka kotahi anake pea te momo manu ka mātaitia, ka tuhia hoki e te ākonga, nō reira ko te whakapae mai i konā kotahi anake te momo i taua rohe pōtae (whakapae). 

Te whakamahi raraunga me te whakamāori whakaaturanga

I a mātou e mahi ana hei kaipūtaiao, me mātua whakarite mātou he whaimana ngā whakapae, he pakari hoki ngā whakamārama. Hei tautoko i ngā ākonga ka taea te tuku pātai pērā i, “Ki ōu whakaaro he whakamārama anō pea mō tēnei raraunga?” “Ki ōu whakaaro me kohikohi anō koe i ētahi atu raraunga?” He painga anō kia whai wāhi ngā ākonga ki te whakaputa me te tautohetohe i ō rātou whakaaro ki te taha o ētahi atu. 

He nui ngā momo ara whakaata a ngā kaipūtaiao i ā rātou rangahau, tae atu ki ngā tauira, ngā kauwhata, ngā tūtohi me ngā tuhinga. Ka whakamahia e Te Tatauranga o ngā Manu Māra o Aotearoa i ngā kitenga tatauranga nō ngā wāhanga o te rima tau me te tekau tau kua pahure ake nei.

Hei tautoko i ngā ākonga ki te whai whakaaro ki te whakaatanga mai o te raraunga tuku pātai pērā i:

• He aha te kōrero o tēnei whakaatanga ki a tātou?
• He aha kei te whakarērea?
• Me pēhea tēnei whakaatanga e whakawhitiwhiti i te ia o te kōrero?
• He aha te take kua pēnei te āhua o te whakaatanga?

Kia riro mā ngā ākonga hei hanga i ā rātou ake whakaatanga e āwhina i tō rātou mārama ki te āhua o te whakatau i te kōwhiringa a ngā kairangahau i a rātou e tuari ana i ā rātou mahi. 

Te whakataurite raraunga

Kia kaha ake te matapaki a ngā ākonga i te raraunga me te hanga whakatauritenga. Hei tauira:

• Pātai ki ngā ākonga ki te mahi takirua me te whakataurite i ō rāua kitenga mai i te mahinga o te tatauranga, he tauira whakaharatau noa iho, he tauira rānei i āta whakaritea. He ōrite ngā kitenga? He whakamārama anō kei ngā kitenga mō te take i ōrite ai, i rerekē ai rānei ngā kitenga?
• Whakataurite i ngā kitenga mai i tēnā, i tēnā ki mua i te akomanga, te kura, i ngā kitenga ā-rohe rānei mai i te paetukutuku o Te Tatauranga o ngā Manu Māra o Aotearoa. Matapaki i te hiranga o te whakatutukinga o ngā tini tatauranga, e tautohu ana i ngā tauria, me te whakaputa i ngā whakapae whakamārama.
• Whakatauritea ki tētahi momo manu ake, honohono rānei ki tētahi kura i tētahi atu rohe ki te matapaki i ā rātou kitenga.

E āhei ana i ngā kitenga o Te Tatauranga o ngā Manu Māra o Aotearoa ngā whakatauritenga ki ngā tau kua pahure ake. He matapaki whaitake te pātai kia whakapaetia e ngā ākonga ngā tū ia o te ānamata e heke mai nei e tōia mai ai pea ngā pātai mō te kahawhiri me te kōkiri. Tāpiri i ngā whakaaro mō te ānamata ki te tauria Ake Ake.

Whakamahi i te whakaaturanga i raro nei mō ngā tohutohu poutama e pā ana ki te whakahirahira a tō akomanga ki te raranga mai i Te Tatauranga o ngā Manu Māra o Aotearoa.