Mō te wāhi ki te repo, me whakatakoto pea he kaupapa aroturuki e aro nui ana ki ētahi momo e noho taonga ana ki te pūnaha hauropi, ki te iwi anō. Ka tirohia hoki te noho tahi a ērā ki ētahi momo rāwaho matua ka whakataetae, ka whakararu rānei i aua momo noho taonga, tae atu ki ngā nōhanga e matapoporetia ana, e hiahia ana tātou ki te whakapūmau. Hei tauira o ngā hanga whakararu, ko te otaota ka urutā haere, ko te ika ka whakararu i ngā momo e manakohia ana, me ngā kararehe konihi pērā i te paihamu, i te toriura, me te ngeru mohoao. Mā te kaha ake o te mārama ki ngā tauira, ngā nekeneke, me te noho apiapi o ngā momo kāore e pīrangitia ana, ka takoto he tikanga whaihua ake hei whakaora i ngā nōhanga, ngā momo me ngā pūnaha e uaratia ana.
Hei tauira o ngā tohu e takea mai ana i ngā mātauranga Māori o te hau kāinga, ko te aromatawai me te aroturuki i ngā taupori o ngā momo noho taonga, me ngā rahinga e kohia ana (o ngā mea ka kohia e te tangata), tae atu ki:
- ngā tipu māori – te wātakirīhi, te kuta, te harakeke
- ngā ika māori – te matamata, te kōura
- ngā manu māori – te ruru, te kawau
- ngā hanga tuaiwi-kore – te noke
Ki te rerekē te rahi, te hauora rānei o te taupori, o ngā mea rānei e kohia ana, tērā pea he waitohu tērā o te heke haere, o te piki haere rānei o taua momo.
He mea nui tonu ngā tohu e hāngai pū ana ki te iwi, ki te rohe e arohia ana. Anei ētahi take i pērā ai:
- Ka takea mai ngā tohu ā-iwi i te ao Māori me te whakaaro Māori. Nō reira mai hoki te mātauranga Māori. Ko te nuinga o ngā tohu, i heke mai i ngā kāwai whakapapa i a Papatūānuku rāua ko Ranginui, rā roto mai i ngā atua nui pērā i a Tānemahuta, i a Tangaroa, i a Haumiatiketike, i a Tāwhirimātea, i a Rongomātāne, i a Tūmatauenga. E whakaata ana i ētahi uara Māori taketake, tae atu ki te rangatiratanga, te kaitiakitanga, te whakapapa, te wairuatanga, te mauri, me te tapu. Ko ngā uara anō hoki kei te tautuhi i ngā tikanga me ngā kawa mō te whakaora ake, te whakamahere me te whakataki i ngā rawa.
- Ko te tūāpapa o te nuinga o ngā tohu -iwi, ko ngā mātauranga Māori i heke haere mai mā roto i ngā whakatupuranga maha. I ahu mai ēnei i ngā mōhiotanga tuku iho, ngā hangarau, ngā hononga, me ngā wheako tuku iho, me te whakamahinga roa o ōna anō rawa, momo, rauropi, tae atu ki ngā nōhanga me ngā pūnaha hauropi e noho ana, e whai oranga ana aua hanga rā.
Te noke, te kōura, te ruru
Kāore i tua atu i ngā mōhiotanga o te iwi kāinga ina whakaritea he kaupapa whakaora taiao, kia tiakina ai ngā uara o te iwi e pā ana ki ngā taonga o te taiao (hei tauira, te kōura, te ruru, te kawau, te noke). Mā konei hoki e toitū ai te pūnaha hauropi, ngā nōhanga, ngā momo e aro nuitia ana me ērā atu rauropi.
- E herea ana ngā tohu ā-iwi ki tēnā rohe, ki tēnā takiwā, i te mea i ahu mai i ngā mātauranga o te wā kāinga me ngā hononga auroa o taua wāhi rā. He mea whai tikanga nui, hāngai nui ki ngā whānau, ngā hapū, ngā iwi, ngā kaitiaki o taua wāhi. Mā konei hoki e pakari ake ai te reo o te hapori e pā ana ki ngā rawa, ngā momo, ngā ritenga tuku iho, me te taha tiaki i ngā rawa. Mā ngā tohu e whakaatu ngā rerekētanga kua pā i te takanga o te wā, pērā i te rerekē o te rahi me te kounga o tētahi tipu, ika, manu, aha ake rānei.
- E whakaata ana ngā tohu ā-iwi i ētahi uara Māori nui, pērā i ngā momo e noho taonga ana ki te hau kāinga. Me āta whai wāhi mai ēnei mōhiotanga o te hau kāinga ki ngā mahi whakamahere kaupapa whakaora, kia tiakina ai, kia hāpaitia ai ēnei taonga, tae atu ki ngā pūnaha hauropi me ngā nōhanga e noho nei rātou. Hei tauira o ngā momo e noho taonga nei, ko te wātakirihi (Nasturtium officinale me te N. microphyllum), ko te kuta (Eleocharis sphacelata), ko te harakeke (Phormium tenax), ko te matamata (ngāi Galaxias), ko te noke, ko te kōura (Paranephrops planifrons me P. zealandicus), ko te ruru (Ninox novaezelandiae), me te kawau (ngāi Phalacrocorax).
- Ka ahu mai hoki i ngā tohu ā-iwi ko ngā tikanga, ngā kawa me ngā whakaritenga hei kawe i ngā ritenga e whai wāhi mai ai ngā rawa. Ka tohua hoki ngā tikanga mō te whakapau me te penapena i ngā rawa. Mā roto mai hoki i ngā mātauranga tuku iho, ka tohua ngā ara hei poipoi i te rawa. I tua atu i ngā momo e āta arotahia ana, arā ētahi atu mātakitanga, ētahi atu akoranga i te taiao e taea ana. Hei tauira:
- Ko te aonga me te puāwaitanga o ētahi rākau māori e waitohu ana i te kaupeka hou.
- Mā te whakarongo ki te tangi a ētahi manu e mōhiotia ai te wā tika mō te kohi i ētahi huarākau, kākano, rau, aha atu rānei.
- Kei te hāpai anō ngā tohu -iwi i te rangatiratanga, inā rā, ko ngā whānau, ngā marae, ngā hapū, me ngā iwi kei te āta tuku i ngā mātauranga e pai ai te haere o te kaupapa whakaora. Kei a rātou ngā kōrero e kōwhiria ai ngā tohu, nō reira he whakanui tā tēnei i te uara o ngā mātauranga me ngā pūkenga ā-rohe. Kei te whakaū hoki i te wāhi nui ki a rātou i roto i te kaupapa.
E pai ana ki a ngāi Māori kia kōtuituia atu te mātauranga Māori me ngā tohu ā-iwi ki ngā tohu o te ao pūtaiao. He mea nui anō kia manaaki mai a ngāi tauiwi i ngā tohu ā-iwi i takea mai i te mātauranga Māori, hei hoa haere kōtui mō ngā tohu pūtaiao, i a rātou ka kawe ake i ngā kaupapa whakaora taiao.
He kōrero kōpūtahi
E tūhono ana tēnei kōrero ki Ngā tohu mō ngā rawa ā-iwi.
Te Winiwini Kingi (Te Waiariki Ngāti Kororā) is a kaumātua and environmentalist working to restore the habitats of ruru and pekapeka.
Ruru monitoring explores the use of acoustic recording devices and how they are being used around marae to help mana whenua make decisions about habitat restoration and conservation.
He whakamihi
I pūtakea mai tēnei mātaitanga i tētahi kōrero i tuhia mō te pukapuka Te Reo o Te Repo – The Voice of the Wetland, arā, i 'Indicators for Cultural Resources', nā Garth Harmsworth (Te Arawa, Ngāti Tūwharetoa, Ngāti Raukawa).
Tuihonoa Te Reo o Te Repo
E tika ana kia mihia ngā ētita me ngā kaituhi o Te Reo o Te Repo – The Voice of the Wetland mō rātou i whakaae mai, i tautoko mai i te hurihanga o te pukapuka nei. Me mihi hoki ngā pūkenga o Pauline Waiti rāua ko Hēni Jacob, tae atu ki ngā kaitautoko taha pūtea, ki a Manaaki Whenua me te kaupapa Unlocking Curious Minds a te MBIE.
