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  • Diagram: Cross-section of rainwater travelling through limestone
    Rights: Elsevier Published 21 March 2024 Size: 1.8 MB Referencing Hub media

    This diagram shows a cross-section of the path of rainwater down into a cave system. Rainwater picks up impurities from the soil and rocks and leaves them behind in cave formations. These impurities can be used as signals of surface climate1 and ecosystem2 change.

    Adapted with author permission from: Blyth, A. J., Hartland, A., & Baker, A. (2016). Organic proxies in speleothems – New developments, advantages and limitations. Quaternary Science Reviews, 149, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.07.001

    1. climate: The weather conditions of an area averaged over a series of years, usually 30 or more.
    2. ecosystem: An interacting system including the biological, physical, and chemical relationships between a community of organisms and the environment they live in.
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      climate

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    2. The weather conditions of an area averaged over a series of years, usually 30 or more.

      ecosystem

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    4. An interacting system including the biological, physical, and chemical relationships between a community of organisms and the environment they live in.